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Bridge different subnets

Author
7 Mar 2005 3:18 AM
Todd Logan
Can anyone tell me if I can create a wireless bridge between different
subnets?

      For example, wireless bridge number1 is on the 192.168.1.0 network,
whereas wireless bridge number 2 is on the 192.168.5.0 network. Can I create
a wireless bridge between 192.168.1.0 and 192.168.5.0 or do I have to use
the same subnet?

      Thanks in advance.
      Todd

Author
7 Mar 2005 4:01 AM
DLink Guru
Yes, read the following link for the info you seek.

http://www.sankeerth.com/tutors/bridges.htm

Robert...

"Todd Logan" <todd.lo***@cox.net> wrote in message
news:2KPWd.156732$0u.53841@fed1read04...
Show quoteHide quote
>      Can anyone tell me if I can create a wireless bridge between
> different subnets?
>
>      For example, wireless bridge number1 is on the 192.168.1.0 network,
> whereas wireless bridge number 2 is on the 192.168.5.0 network. Can I
> create a wireless bridge between 192.168.1.0 and 192.168.5.0 or do I have
> to use the same subnet?
>
>      Thanks in advance.
>      Todd
>
>
>
Author
7 Mar 2005 4:03 AM
DLink Guru
Sorry, read down to transparent bridging for the info you want...

Robert....

"Todd Logan" <todd.lo***@cox.net> wrote in message
news:2KPWd.156732$0u.53841@fed1read04...
Show quoteHide quote
>      Can anyone tell me if I can create a wireless bridge between
> different subnets?
>
>      For example, wireless bridge number1 is on the 192.168.1.0 network,
> whereas wireless bridge number 2 is on the 192.168.5.0 network. Can I
> create a wireless bridge between 192.168.1.0 and 192.168.5.0 or do I have
> to use the same subnet?
>
>      Thanks in advance.
>      Todd
>
>
>
Author
7 Mar 2005 5:12 AM
Jeff Liebermann
On Sun, 6 Mar 2005 20:18:24 -0700, "Todd Logan" <todd.lo***@cox.net>
wrote:

>      Can anyone tell me if I can create a wireless bridge between different
>subnets?

Hint:  A bridge works on ISO layer 2 or the MAC address layer.  It
knows NOTHING about IP addresses, which are on layer 3.

>      For example, wireless bridge number1 is on the 192.168.1.0 network,
>whereas wireless bridge number 2 is on the 192.168.5.0 network. Can I create
>a wireless bridge between 192.168.1.0 and 192.168.5.0 or do I have to use
>the same subnet?

You can create the bridge but nothing will pass.  A network on:
  192.168.1.0/24 
will not pass traffic to a network on:
  192.168.5.0/24
without an IP router (on layer 3).  With just a bridge, the only
packets that will pass are broadcasts.

Routers are used to glue together two different IP networks.  In this
case, it's done by setting up a static route through a gateway.

A really crude way to connect these two networks is to just enlarge
the netmask to /16.  Just change it from 255.255.255.0 to 255.255.0.0
and packets will pass in both directions.  Traffic across the bridge
will be limited to only those with destination MAC addresses that are
across the bridge.  Not the best of traffic control, but tolerable.

Someone suggested a transparent bridge.  That will work with the /16
enlarged netmask.   Note that you also have to increase the netmask on
the client computahs to 255.255.0.0 or the clients will not "see" the
machines on the other side of the network.  Broadcast packets will go
everywhere and across the bridge.

I can think of several ways to connect these networks.  One is a
router at the remote office with a static route to the remote office
network IP block pointing to remote office router IP address
(gateway).  Another is to use a VPN which will assign additional IP
addresses delivered from remote systems, to a local machine.  Yech.

However, I don't see why you don't simply renumber the network so that
all the machine fit in a single /24 IP block.  If these networks are
going to be connected permanently, you might was well make life easy
and share the same /24 IP block.  Now, if the remote office were
connected via the internet instead of via a transparent bridge, then a
router would certainly be necessary due to the limitations of a single
IP addresss.  However, with a transparent wireless bridge, that can
pass multiple MAC addresses simultaneously, there's no benifit to
using a router.

Incidentally, watch out for transparent bridges with a limited number
of MAC addresses that may be bridged.  The current products are 256
MAC addresses and up.  However, some of the older devices will only do
as few as 32.  That's total MAC addresses for both ends including the
wireless bridge MAC addresses.



--
Jeff Liebermann    je***@comix.santa-cruz.ca.us
150 Felker St #D   http://www.LearnByDestroying.com
Santa Cruz CA 95060    AE6KS  831-336-2558
Author
7 Mar 2005 2:39 PM
Todd Logan
Thanks for the detailed response. I appreciate that. I have a question about
this though.

The learn table on both wireless bridges will contain the MAC addresses of
all the nodes for there subnet and all the nodes that are in the other
subnet by way of the bridge that it is connected to. Also, When a wireless
WDS link (unlike a wired/Ethernet bridge) is set up between the two bridges
all four address fields in the MAC header are used and transmitted. They
are:
The MAC address of the sender
The MAC address of the final destination
The MAC address of the sending Bridge
The MAC address of the receiving Bridge

So, with this information won't the bridge in a fashion "route" a frame with
a MAC address in the other subnet through the bridge because it knows by
looking up in its learn table that the node at the destination MAC address
is across the bridge?

Thanks for the help. I appreciate it.
Todd

Show quoteHide quote
"Jeff Liebermann" <je***@comix.santa-cruz.ca.us> wrote in message
news:ebnn215073ug0v5635u3t4oj09mp4ev4d4@4ax.com...
> On Sun, 6 Mar 2005 20:18:24 -0700, "Todd Logan" <todd.lo***@cox.net>
> wrote:
>
>>      Can anyone tell me if I can create a wireless bridge between
>> different
>>subnets?
>
> Hint:  A bridge works on ISO layer 2 or the MAC address layer.  It
> knows NOTHING about IP addresses, which are on layer 3.
>
>>      For example, wireless bridge number1 is on the 192.168.1.0 network,
>>whereas wireless bridge number 2 is on the 192.168.5.0 network. Can I
>>create
>>a wireless bridge between 192.168.1.0 and 192.168.5.0 or do I have to use
>>the same subnet?
>
> You can create the bridge but nothing will pass.  A network on:
>  192.168.1.0/24
> will not pass traffic to a network on:
>  192.168.5.0/24
> without an IP router (on layer 3).  With just a bridge, the only
> packets that will pass are broadcasts.
>
> Routers are used to glue together two different IP networks.  In this
> case, it's done by setting up a static route through a gateway.
>
> A really crude way to connect these two networks is to just enlarge
> the netmask to /16.  Just change it from 255.255.255.0 to 255.255.0.0
> and packets will pass in both directions.  Traffic across the bridge
> will be limited to only those with destination MAC addresses that are
> across the bridge.  Not the best of traffic control, but tolerable.
>
> Someone suggested a transparent bridge.  That will work with the /16
> enlarged netmask.   Note that you also have to increase the netmask on
> the client computahs to 255.255.0.0 or the clients will not "see" the
> machines on the other side of the network.  Broadcast packets will go
> everywhere and across the bridge.
>
> I can think of several ways to connect these networks.  One is a
> router at the remote office with a static route to the remote office
> network IP block pointing to remote office router IP address
> (gateway).  Another is to use a VPN which will assign additional IP
> addresses delivered from remote systems, to a local machine.  Yech.
>
> However, I don't see why you don't simply renumber the network so that
> all the machine fit in a single /24 IP block.  If these networks are
> going to be connected permanently, you might was well make life easy
> and share the same /24 IP block.  Now, if the remote office were
> connected via the internet instead of via a transparent bridge, then a
> router would certainly be necessary due to the limitations of a single
> IP addresss.  However, with a transparent wireless bridge, that can
> pass multiple MAC addresses simultaneously, there's no benifit to
> using a router.
>
> Incidentally, watch out for transparent bridges with a limited number
> of MAC addresses that may be bridged.  The current products are 256
> MAC addresses and up.  However, some of the older devices will only do
> as few as 32.  That's total MAC addresses for both ends including the
> wireless bridge MAC addresses.
>
>
>
> --
> Jeff Liebermann    je***@comix.santa-cruz.ca.us
> 150 Felker St #D   http://www.LearnByDestroying.com
> Santa Cruz CA 95060    AE6KS  831-336-2558
Author
7 Mar 2005 7:19 PM
TheDragon
"Todd Logan" <todd.lo***@cox.net> wrote in message
news:2KPWd.156732$0u.53841@fed1read04...
>      Can anyone tell me if I can create a wireless bridge between
> different subnets?
>
>      For example, wireless bridge number1 is on the 192.168.1.0 network,
> whereas wireless bridge number 2 is on the 192.168.5.0 network. Can I
> create a wireless bridge between 192.168.1.0 and 192.168.5.0 or do I have
> to use the same subnet?
>
>      Thanks in advance.
>      Todd
>
>

You need a router, or a PC with 2 NIC cards. We connected 50+ subnets in
this way to segment the LAN.

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>